Jak chronić dziecko przed smogiem? / iStock

Gdy smog atakuje – jak chronić dziecko przed smogiem?

Spis treści:

W sezonie grzewczym dzieci kaszlą na potęgę, a powodem wcale nie muszą być wirusy. Do pieców ciągle wrzuca się co popadnie i zanieczyszczone powietrze trafia wprost do płuc. Jak chronić najmłodszych przed skutkami działania smogu?

Kiedy smog atakuje najbardziej?

Najgorzej jest w chłodne bezwietrzne dni, gdy piece pracują pełną parą, a dym zamiast rozproszyć się, wisi w jednym miejscu. Skutek? Podrażnione śluzówki, napady kaszlu, zaostrzenie objawów astmy. Zanim sezon grzewczy się skończy, a my trochę odetchniemy, zadbajmy o zdrowy oddech maluchów. To inwestycja długoterminowa.

Jak rozpoznać smog i jak chronić przed nim dziecko?

Skąd wiadomo, że smog wisi w powietrzu? Niestety, gdy widać do gołym okiem i czuć równie nieuzbrojonym nosem, stężenie szkodliwych pyłów prawdopodobnie dawno osiągnęło stan alarmowy. W chłodniejszych miesiącach warto więc śledzić internetowe strony z mapami zanieczyszczeń – ważne, żeby były na bieżąco aktualizowane, bo sytuacja potrafi zmienić się z godziny na godzinę.

Jeśli lubicie być naprawdę dobrze poinformowani, przyda się aplikacja na telefon komórkowy, która np. kolorem da znać, że nie jest dobrze. A co, jeśli nie jest dobrze? Pierwsza rzecz, jaką możecie zrobić, to zatrzymanie dzieci w domu. Jeśli to dzień wolny od zajęć i nie muszą wychodzić, niech nie wychodzą. Gdy poziom zanieczyszczeń jest naprawdę wysoki, nie otwierajcie również okien. Nawet na szybkie przewietrzenie. Takie rozwiązanie sprawdza się doraźnie, ale nie będziemy barykadować się w domach za każdym razem, gdy smog atakuje. Co można zrobić, żeby funkcjonować normalnie i zminimalizować jego szkodliwe działanie?

Jak chronić dziecko przed smogiem w domu?

Skoro niewychodzenie nie wchodzi w grę, ograniczamy czas spędzany z dziećmi na zewnątrz. W takich warunkach określenie „wyjście na świeże powietrze” przestaje przecież mieć jakikolwiek sens. Na podwórku zapominamy o rowerach, rolkach, hulajnogach i bieganiu, bo właśnie wtedy najwięcej zanieczyszczeń dostaje się do płuc. Sport to zdrowie, ale nie w tych okolicznościach.

Gdy powietrze jest bardzo zanieczyszczone, przedszkola i szkoły powinny zatrzymać dzieci w salach. Warto im o tym przypomnieć. Wdychanie smogu może skutkować bólem głowy i spadkiem koncentracji. Jeśli porządne wywietrzenie klas nie jest możliwe, dobrze, żeby były w nich rośliny, które poradzą sobie z oczyszczeniem powietrza i zapewnią tlen. Możemy obśmiewać smętną ususzoną paprotkę wisząca nad tablicą, ale przynoszenie kwiatów doniczkowych do szkoły naprawdę ma sens.

Nawet jeśli po podwórku tylko przemykacie od drzwi do drzwi, zanieczyszczenia osiadają wszędzie. Na ubraniu, włosach, skórze. Mycie rąk i twarzy po powrocie do domu to podstawa. W czasie, gdy smog atakuje, dobrze jest dorzucić do tego rytuału płukanie śluzówek. Ich podrażnienie może skończyć się łzawieniem, katarem lub kaszlem. Nos najprościej wyczyścić roztworem wody morskiej, do oczu można wpuścić krople, tzw. „sztuczne łzy”.

Jak chronić dziecko przed smogiem – czy pomocne są maseczki?

A co z maseczkami? Nadal najpopularniejszą ochroną są kupowane w aptekach maseczki chirurgiczne. Niestety, taka maseczka być może zapobiegnie zarażeniu się katarem, ale nie wychwyci drobinek trujących pyłów. Podobnie jest z maskami używanymi w budowlance. Dodatkowo te produkowane są z myślą o dorosłych i nie sposób dopasować ich do drobnych dziecięcych buziek. Jeśli więc maska, to antypyłowa, ze specjalnym filtrem wyłapującym zanieczyszczenia (filtr trzeba regularnie wymieniać!) i w odpowiednim rozmiarze.

Maseczka musi ściśle przylegać do twarzy, obejmując usta i nos, bez nieszczelności. Maseczki dla dzieci dobieramy, sugerując się wagą, nie wzrostem, ponieważ dzieci mieszczące się w jednym przedziale wiekowym mogą mieć skrajnie różne gabaryty.

Problem smogu jest globalny i póki co maseczek dla najmłodszych najlepiej szukać tam, gdzie rynek szybko reaguje na zapotrzebowanie. W krajach azjatyckich – a u nas przez internet – dostępne są nawet maski w rozmiarach niemowlęcych. Miękkie, wygodne, z kolorowymi nadrukami. Najzwyczajniej w świecie ładne. To, i moda na Star Wars, gwarantuje, że takie maski dzieci będą chciały zakładać. A to już połowa sukcesu, bo po co komu najnowocześniejsza maseczka, jeśli zamiast na twarz, trafi na dno kieszeni.

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