Krwawienie w połogu – co oznacza? / iStock

Krwawienie w połogu – co oznacza?

Bez względu na rodzaj porodu u każdej kobiety w połogu pojawia się krwawienie, określane często mianem odchodów poporodowych. Świadczą one o prawidłowym obkurczaniu się macicy i powrocie ciała do stanu sprzed ciąży. Organizm każdej mamy potrzebuje odpowiedniej ilości czasu na regenerację. Ile trwa krwawienie w połogu i kiedy jest niebezpieczne?

Spis treści:

Ile trwa krwawienie po porodzie?

Krwawienie w połogu różni się intensywnością oraz czasem trwania u poszczególnych kobiet. Uważa się, że krwawienie po porodzie może utrzymywać się nawet przez cały okres połogu (do ok. sześciu tygodni). U większości mam trwa ono jednak ok. dwóch-trzech tygodni. Odchody z upływem czasu zmieniają swoje zabarwienie i nasilenie. Po porodzie są krwistoczerwone i najbardziej intensywne, po kilku dniach natomiast zmieniają barwę na bardziej brunatną. W końcu stają się coraz jaśniejsze – żółte lub szarobiałe. 

Jeśli krwawienie po porodzie nie wystąpi lub bardzo szybko i nagle zaniknie, należy skonsultować się z lekarzem ginekologiem, ponieważ zatrzymanie krwawienia może wiązać się z powikłaniami typowymi dla okresu połogu. Podobnie jest w przypadku wystąpienia gorączki czy zmiany zapachu odchodów. Objawy te mogą być związane z rozwijającą się infekcją i wymagać leczenia.

Krwawienie w połogu – czy to normalne?

Krwawienie po porodzie świadczy o prawidłowym gojeniu się oraz o obkurczaniu się macicy po ciąży. Obecność odchodów połogowych jest istotna w celu określenia, czy okres poporodowy przebiega prawidłowo. Krwawienie po porodzie występuje zarówno w przypadku urodzenia dziecka drogami natury, jak i podczas cięcia cesarskiego. Samo krwawienie wynika z gojenia się błony śluzowej macicy (endometrium) w miejscu oddzielenia się łożyska, tzw. miejsca łożyskowego. 

Krwawienie w połogu jest całkowicie normalne, a powód do niepokoju powinno stanowić nagłe zatrzymanie odchodów, zmiana ich zapachu lub występowanie dodatkowych dolegliwości. Nieprawidłowości te mogą oznaczać np. połogowe zapalenie błony śluzowej macicy i wymagają konsultacji lekarskiej.

Nawrót krwawienia w połogu

U niektórych kobiet krwawienie po porodzie ustępuje stosunkowo szybko, nawet po dwóch tygodniach. Ważne jest jednak, aby obserwować następujące po sobie zmiany zabarwienia odchodów oraz ich stopniowe zanikanie. Nagłe zahamowanie krwawienia jest nieprawidłowe i związane może być przykładowo z zatkaniem ujścia szyjki macicy skrzepami czy tkankami popłodu. Jeśli resztki te pozostaną w jamie macicy, może dojść do rozwoju zakażenia i wystąpienia objawów ogólnoustrojowych u kobiety, które wymagają specjalistycznego postępowania.

Jeśli doszło do zahamowania krwawienia, a następnie do jego nawrotu, również warto skonsultować się z lekarzem. Może być to spowodowane nieprawidłowym obkurczaniem się macicy czy zaleganiem resztek popłodu.

Najpopularniejsze mity na temat połogu

Polecamy

Najpopularniejsze mity na temat połogu

Połóg to szczególny okres w życiu kobiety, o którym często zapomina się podczas przygotowań do porodu. Po urodzinach dziecka kobieta potrzebuje zadbać o swoje zdrowie i samopoczucie. W ramach cyklu „HZ kontra mity” rozmawiam z dr. n. med. Jackiem Więckiem na temat połogu.

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Nasilone krwawienie w połogu

Połóg wiąże się z ryzykiem powikłań typowych dla tego okresu. Wśród nich wymieniany jest m.in. krwotok poporodowy, który jest najczęściej spowodowany obecnością resztek tkanek popłodu w jamie macicy. W takiej sytuacji konieczne jest wykonanie łyżeczkowania w warunkach szpitalnych.

Nasilone krwawienie w połogu wystąpić może również w przypadku nieprawidłowego obkurczania się macicy po porodzie. Jeśli kobieta musi zmieniać środki higieniczne bardzo często, należy udać się do lekarza ginekologa, aby wykonał badania, m.in. USG. Pamiętaj, że krwotok, szczególnie u kobiety po porodzie, może doprowadzić nawet do wstrząsu. Konieczne okazać się może także przetoczenie krwi. Z tego powodu nie wolno bagatelizować nasilonego krwawienia w czasie połogu.

Kiedy krwawienie w połogu jest niebezpieczne?

Lekarze zwracają uwagę, że w trakcie połogu bardzo ważna jest prawidłowa i staranna higiena intymna. W przypadku nasilonego krwawienia poporodowego, szczególnie w pierwszych dniach połogu, konieczne jest częste wymienianie podpasek oraz podmywanie się po każdej wizycie w toalecie. Zapobiega to rozwojowi bakterii i wystąpieniu infekcji. Warto samodzielnie kontrolować nasilenie krwawienia oraz wygląd i zapach odchodów. Jeśli po zahamowaniu krwawienia wystąpi jego nawrót, warto skonsultować się ze specjalistą. Podobnie, gdy towarzyszą mu objawy takie, jak wysoka gorączka czy ból w okolicy podbrzusza. Niewystąpienie krwawienia w połogu także jest powodem do niepokoju. W takiej sytuacji również konieczna jest wizyta u lekarza.

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