Badanie USG 3 D / istock

Badanie USG 3D ciąży – kiedy można zrobić?

Coraz większą popularność wśród przyszłych rodziców w ostatnim czasie zdobywa badanie USG 3D. Klasyczna projekcja, nadal rekomendowana w zaleceniach, to obraz 2D. Z jakiego powodu kobiety w ciąży decydują się na trójwymiarowe oglądanie dziecka w jamie macicy? Czy nowe znaczy lepsze i co warto wiedzieć o USG 3D?

Spis treści:

Co to jest USG 3D?

Badanie ultrasonograficzne w płaszczyźnie trójwymiarowej przebiega tak samo jak klasyczne badanie 2D. Lekarze ginekolodzy wykonują je tym samym aparatem. Zasadniczą różnicą jest powstały obraz, który widzimy na monitorze. W przypadku projekcji 3D uzyskuje się jego trzy wymiary: długość, szerokość oraz głębokość. Aparat odtwarza wygląd danej struktury, którą następnie lekarz może z każdej strony dokładnie obejrzeć.  

Ginekolog dr Robert Jędra tłumaczy: „Dużą zaletą obrazu 3D jest fakt, że jest on bardziej czytelny dla przyszłych rodziców, którzy często przyznają, że niewiele rozumieją z standardowych płaskich obrazów w skali szarości. Często wykorzystywany jest w przypadku potwierdzania wad anatomicznych płodu lub chęci dokładnego obejrzenia konkretnej wykrytej wady przez lekarza. Ponadto na zdjęciach 3D lekarz ginekolog może uchwycić mimikę twarzy dziecka, uwiecznić jego uśmiech czy grymas, co staje się na przyszłość świetną pamiątką rodzinną.”  

Różnice między badaniem USG 3D a 4D 

Poza wspomnianym wcześniej USG w trójwymiarze, wykonuje się obecnie USG 4D, mające na celu poruszyć obraz uzyskany techniką 3D. Zasadniczą różnicą jest więc fakt, że w 3D otrzymujemy zdjęcia nieruchome, zaś w 4D jest to dynamiczny filmTo szczególnie przydatne w ocenie ciąż wielopłodowych. Dzięki technice 4D lekarz oraz przyszli rodzice mogą obejrzeć ruchy dziecka w macicy. Ponadto ten ruchomy zapis można wielokrotnie odtwarzać i analizować.  

Kiedy można zrobić badanie USG 3D?

Zalecanym przez specjalistów czasem na wykonanie trójwymiarowego badania USG jest okres między 18. a 32. tygodniem ciąży. Zazwyczaj im bardziej zaawansowana ciąża, tym obrazy są „ładniejsze”, ale trudniejsze do wykonania z przyczyn technicznych. Należy pamiętać, że jakość obrazu zależy między innymi od ilości płynu owodniowego czy ułożenia dziecka, a także od ilości tkanki tłuszczowej u matki. Dużo osób decyduje się na oglądanie płodu w 3D podczas USG połówkowego, kiedy badane są dokładnie wszystkie jego narządy.  

Kiedy widać płeć dziecka na badaniu USG 3D?

Jeśli dziecko jest prawidłowo ułożone, bardzo prawdopodobne, że lekarz zidentyfikuje jego płeć podczas badania USG w 12. tygodniu ciąży. Wystarczy do tego tradycyjne obrazowanie w skali szarości (2D). Zazwyczaj potwierdza się płeć ponownie między 18. a 22. tygodniem podczas USG połówkowego.  

Czy USG 3D lepiej rozpozna niepokojące symptomy?

Trójwymiarowe obrazowanie ultrasonograficzne zaleca się szczególnie w przypadku identyfikacji wad rozwojowych, takich jak rozszczep wargi czy podniebienia, deformacje kończyn oraz rozszczep kręgosłupa. Można też zaobserwować polidaktylię (dodatkowe palce) czy niewykształconą kość nosową, w przypadku np. zespołu Downa. Lekarze mogą również za pomocą USG 3D dokładnie przeanalizować obecne wady nerek czy pęcherza moczowego. 

Mimo wielu niewątpliwych zalet trójwymiarowego USG podczas ciąży, lekarze specjalizujący się w ultrasonografii są w stanie zaobserwować wymienione wyżej schorzenia także w standardowym USG (2D). Uważa się, że ultrasonografia 3D nie zastąpi tej konwencjonalnej, lecz stanowić może jej wartościowe uzupełnienie. Zdecydowanie największą zaletą trójwymiaru jest świetna jakość obrazu, ale doświadczeni specjaliści są w stanie dokładnie zobrazować dziecko za pomocą klasycznej techniki USG. USG 3D jest dość kosztowne, rodzice mogą spokojnie wybrać USG w klasycznej technice wykonywane przez lekarza specjalistę i otrzymają rzetelny wynik.  

Jak dużo kobiet robi USG 3D?

Bardzo wiele przyszłych mam prosi o wykonanie USG 3D. Jest to wyjątkowa pamiątka dla rodziców. Jest to też całkowicie bezpieczne badanie i coraz popularniejsze w gabinetach ginekologów. Nie sądzę, żeby wyparło konwencjonalną metodą ultrasonografii w skali szarości, lecz jest niewątpliwie bardzo przydatne w niektórych sytuacjach klinicznych”- odpowiada dr Jędra.  

Cena USG 3D

Cena USG 3D lub 4D wynosi średnio 200–300 zł, do nawet 450 zł w przypadku ciąż bliźniaczych. Do kosztu badania trzeba czasami doliczyć cenę za zapis obrazu na przenośnym nośniku USB lub płycie CD jako pamiątka dla rodziny.  

 

Konsultacja: 

Dr Robert Jędra – specjalizację z Położnictwa i Ginekologii rozpoczynał w II Klinice Położnictwa i Ginekologii CMKP w Szpitalu Bielańskim pod kierownictwem prof. R. Dębskiego. Obecnie asystent I. Kliniki Położnictwa i Ginekologii WUM w Uniwersyteckim Centrum Zdrowia Kobiety i Noworodka. W trakcie doktoratu w dziedzinie ultrasonografii śródporodowej. Prywatnie pasjonat piłki nożnej, sztuk walki i muzyki. Wokalista. Na Instagramie: doctor_robson. 

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