Dobre maniery przy stole, czyli nauka jedzenia sztućcami dla najmłodszych Dobre maniery przy stole, czyli nauka jedzenia sztućcami dla najmłodszych/ Zdjęcie: iStock

Dobre maniery przy stole, czyli nauka jedzenia sztućcami dla najmłodszych

Nauka jedzenia sztućcami jest wyzwaniem dla malucha i jego rodziców. Nic dziwnego – to czas brudnych ubrań i jedzenia lądującego na podłodze, czas wymagający wiele cierpliwości. Naukę dobrych manier warto rozpocząć już od najmłodszych lat. Kiedy i jak uczyć dziecko jeść sztućcami?

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Kiedy nauczyć dziecko jeść sztućcami

Zgodnie z zaleceniami Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia (WHO) przez pierwsze sześć miesięcy niemowlę należy karmić wyłącznie piersią. Dopiero od siódmego miesiąca można zacząć rozszerzanie diety. Wprowadzanie nowych produktów jest dla rodziców sporym wyzwaniem. Pojawia się mnóstwo pytań i wątpliwości dotyczących nie tylko tego, co podawać dziecku do jedzenia, ale i tego, kiedy po raz pierwszy dać dziecku sztućce.

Pierwszą łyżeczkę warto kupić tuż przed rozpoczęciem rozszerzania diety. Każde dziecko jest inne – jedno już na samym początku wykaże zainteresowanie jedzeniem i sztućcami, drugie będzie potrzebowało więcej czasu. Jednak kiedy maluch umie samodzielnie chwycić i wziąć do buzi przysmaki z talerzyka, nadchodzi czas na naukę jedzenia sztućcami. Najpierw łyżeczką, a dopiero później widelcem.

Skąd się biorą zaburzenia odżywiania u dzieci? Tłumaczy psycholożka

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Skąd się biorą zaburzenia odżywiania u dzieci? Tłumaczy psycholożka

Rodzinny posiłek z dziećmi nie zawsze jest łatwy. By w spokoju doczekać do deseru, dajesz im tablet i włączasz odcinek ulubionej bajki. Zawsze działa. Czy zdajesz sobie jednak sprawę z tego, że tym sposobem możesz doprowadzić do trudności z odżywianiem, a nawet wywołać zaburzenia odżywiania u dzieci?

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Nauka jedzenia sztućcami – jak zacząć

Podczas pierwszych lekcji samodzielnego jedzenia łyżeczką warto zapewnić dziecku jak największy komfort. Można posadzić je w wygodnym krzesełku lub na kolanach rodzica. Nauka jedzenia łyżeczką wcale nie jest łatwa, dlatego należy uzbroić się w cierpliwość. Podczas wielu prób, początkowo zapewne nieudanych, maluch ćwiczy koordynację oko-ręka i oswaja się z nową sytuacją. 

Chcąc zachęcić dziecko do nauki samodzielnego jedzenia, warto kupić kolorowe sztućce, ładną miseczkę oraz zadbać o różnorodność i estetykę podawanych mu posiłków. By nauka jedzenia poszła nieco sprawniej, można przygotować dziecku małe i wygodne do jedzenia porcje, np. mięso pokrojone w kawałki na jeden kęs czy warzywa pokrojone w kosteczkę. 

Jakie pierwsze sztućce dla dziecka wybrać

Na co zwrócić uwagę, wybierając pierwsze sztućce dla dziecka? Na początek sprawdzi się niewielka łyżeczka, za pomocą której maluch będzie mógł spożywać przeciery warzywne, kaszkę czy ryż z owocami. Sztućce dla najmłodszych powinny być wykonane z lekkich i bezpiecznych materiałów – krawędzie muszą być gładkie i zaokrąglone, żeby podczas jedzenia maluszek się nie skaleczył. Ważne, aby na opakowaniu znajdowała się informacja o dopuszczeniu do kontaktu z artykułami spożywczymi zgodnie z przepisami UE. Sztućce powinny być tak zaprojektowane, by zmieściły się w dziecięcej dłoni. Na początku warto wybrać te o stosunkowo krótkim trzonku – maluchowi będzie o wiele łatwiej nimi manewrować. Wysokiej jakości sztućce są gwarancją wygody i bezpieczeństwa. Zapewniają komfort i ułatwiają osiągnięcie celu. 

Jak uczyć dziecko jeść sztućcami

W pierwszej kolejności dajemy dziecku łyżeczkę, a dopiero później widelczyk, na który będzie mogło nadziewać pokarmy. Początkowo można nakładać maluchowi na łyżeczkę lub widelec małą porcję posiłku i zachęcać go, by samodzielnie wziął ją do ust. Kolejną porcję jedzenia przygotowujemy dopiero wtedy, gdy dziecko nie ma już nic w buzi. Potem zachęcamy je, by samo nałożyło na łyżeczkę pokarm i włożyło go do buzi. 

Nie przejmuj się, jeśli jedzenie będzie spadać, a maluch się ubrudzi. Z czasem będzie lepiej! Ważne, by pozwolić dziecku decydować, czy chce teraz zjeść, czy nie. Karmienie na siłę i zmuszanie do jedzenia może przynieść odwrotny skutek do oczekiwanego. Maluch się zniechęci, a co za tym idzie –nie będzie miał ochoty uczyć się samodzielnego jedzenia posiłków.

Kiedy nauka jedzenia sztućcami ma sens

Nie ma jednego konkretnego momentu, w którym należy rozpocząć naukę. To kwestia bardzo indywidualna, jedno jest jednak pewne – nauka jedzenia sztućcami ma sens tylko wtedy, gdy dziecko jest na nią w pełni gotowe.

  • Dziecko musi stabilnie siedzieć z podparciem, a posadzone nie może przechylać się na boki. Dzięki temu jedzenie stałych pokarmów będzie o wiele bezpieczniejsze – ryzyko zadławienia będzie mniejsze. 
  • Maluch nie powinien językiem wypychać z buzi pokarmu, który się w niej znajduje. 
  • Niezwykle istotne jest, by dziecko chwytało jedzenie i celnie trafiało nim do buzi.

Należy pamiętać, by niczego nie przyspieszać, do niczego nie zmuszać i nie wywierać niepotrzebnej presji. Zamiast tego lepiej zachęcać, motywować i chwalić za postępy.

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