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Wanienka dla dziecka. Jak przygotować dziecku bezpieczną i komfortową kąpiel? 

Młodzi rodzice stoją przed wieloma dylematami. Jednym z nich jest wybór odpowiedniej wanienki dla dziecka. Kąpiel dla dziecka powinna być przyjemna i zapewnić mu odpowiednią dawkę ruchu, ale nie można zapominać o bezpieczeństwie. Jaką wanienkę dla dziecka najlepiej wybrać? Jak powinna przebiegać kąpiel noworodka? 

Spis treści:

Wanienka dla dziecka – jaką wybrać? 

Choć zdaniem fizjoterapeutów najlepsza wanienka dla dziecka to ta najbardziej tradycyjna, z powodów lokalowych w wielu domach nie jest wykonalny. Oprocz braku miejsca w mieszkaniu, przeszkodą mogą być kłopoty z kręgosłupem lub brak pewności, że damy radę zapewnić dziecku bezpieczeństwo w trakcie kąpieli. Dobrym rozwiązaniem może być kąpieli razem z dzieckiem w dużej wannie, która moim zdaniem daje najwięcej możliwości zmian pozycji i budowania więzi z rodzicem.

Kąpiel malucha można także ułatwić poprzez korzystanie z dodatkowych akcesoriów. Na rynku jest ich masa:

  • Maty antypoślizgowe i leżaczki – pomagają utrzymać dziecko w jednym miejscu, zapobiegają ryzyku poślizgnięcia się i przewrócenia;
  • Termometry do wody – pozwalają utrzymać stałą temperaturę wody i uniknąć sytuacji, kiedy jest ona zbyt zimna/gorąca dla dziecka;
  • Myjki i frotowe rękawice – wygodniejsze i łatwiejsze w utrzymaniu w czystości niż standardowe gąbki do kąpieli;
  • Rondo na głowę do mycia włosów – zapobiega dostawaniu się wody do uszu i oczu, czyniąc mycie włosów dużo bardziej komfortowym;
  • Osłonka na kran i mata na wannę – zapobiegają bolesnym uderzeniom o krawędzie wanny i armaturę łazienkową.

Pierwsza kąpiel noworodka – jak się przygotować? 

Mając już odpowiednią wanienkę i wszystkie potrzebne akcesoria, można rozpocząć planowanie pierwszej kąpieli niemowlaka. Nie należy tutaj zapominać o obecnych wytycznych. Nie zaleca się zbyt częstego mycia małych dzieci – najlepiej ograniczać się do 2–3 pełnych kąpieli tygodniowo, w pozostałe dni jedynie przemywając twarz, okolice pieluszkowe i zgięciowe dziecka. Z pierwszą kąpielą także nie należy się spieszyć, pokrywająca noworodka maź stanowi ochronę przed patogenami i warto odczekać do jej samoistnego wchłonięcia. Odczekanie 1–2 dni od wyjścia ze szpitala może być także dobre dla psychiki dziecka, które będzie miało czas na oswojenie się z nowym miejscem i sytuacją.

Jak powinna przebiegać pierwsza kąpiel noworodka? 

Przed rozpoczęciem kąpieli należy upewnić się, że woda ma odpowiednią temperaturę – niemowlęta powinny być kąpane w wodzie o temperaturze 37°C i odpowiednich warunkach w pomieszczeniu (brak otwartych okien, włączonych wentylatorów). Do mycia można stosować specjalne środki pielęgnacyjne „od 1. dnia życia”, jak również używać samej wody.

Dziecko należy trzymać w taki sposób, aby główka znajdowała się na nadgarstku rodzica.

W trakcie kąpieli jedną ręką trzymajcie dziecko za ramię, a drugą podtrzymujcie pupę (wkładając maluszka do wanienki) i potem obmywajcie ciałko.

Noworodka zanurzajcie w wodzie powoli i bardzo delikatnie. Jeżeli zamoczycie wodą kikut pępowinowy, trzeba go potem dobrze osuszyć.

Dokładnie umyjcie wszystkie fałdki maluszka i miejsca za uszami oraz pod brodą, główkę, narządy rodne i pupę.

Po kąpieli jak najszybciej okryjcie noworodka ręcznikiem i wytrzyjcie do sucha.

Zajmijcie się pielęgnacją bardziej wrażliwych części ciała: Wacikiem z solą fizjologiczną wypielęgnujcie oczka, zaczynając od strony zewnętrznej i kończąc na kąciku przy nosku dziecka; za pomocą ciepłej wody i wacika delikatnie przemyjcie kikut pępowinowy oraz okolice intymne – pamiętajcie o dokładnym osuszeniu kikuta.

Na pupę nałóżcie krem lub maść, aby zabezpieczyć pośladki przed odparzeniami i załóżcie pieluszkę, oliwką roztartą w dłoniach nasmarujcie ciałko dziecka.

Na koniec miękką szczoteczką wymasujcie skórę głowy, aby uniknąć ciemieniuchy.

Po kąpieli załóżcie czapeczkę, aby nie wyziębić dziecka i owińcie je w kocyk.

Jak zachęcić dziecko do kąpieli? 

Kąpiele i utrzymywanie prawidłowej higieny stanowią istotny element w dbaniu o zdrowie dziecka i będą mu towarzyszyć przez resztę życia. Warto więc dołożyć wszelkich starań, aby kąpiel nie stanowiła dla dziecka kary ani powodu do obaw. Kluczem jest zapewnienie dziecku odpowiedniego komfortu i wsparcia podczas kąpieli – utrzymywanie stałej temperatury, unikanie gwałtownych ruchów czy przypadkowego ochlapywania dziecka, zachowanie wewnętrznego spokoju (stres rodzica przekłada się także na stres dziecka) i przestrzeganie dziennej rutyny (już od pierwszych tygodni życia można przyzwyczajać dziecko do mycia wieczorami przed snem). Dodatkowo pomóc może wprowadzenie do codziennej pielęgnacji elementów zabawy i wyjaśnienie dziecku znaczenia czystości. Popularne metody to:

  • puszczanie wyciszającej muzyki lub ulubionych piosenek dziecka;
  • przyzwolenie i zachęcanie do zabawy w trakcie kąpieli;
  • radosne akcesoria – zamiast klasycznych modeli, wybierz dodatki takie jak myjki, maty antypoślizgowe, termometry w żywych kolorach i o ciekawych kształtach.

Przydatne może być wprowadzanie elementów zabawy – nudną kąpiel można zastąpić tematyczną przygodą: dziecko może być piratem szukającym skarbów, ogrodnikiem podlewającym kwiatki, zbierać podwodne muszelki czy myć swoje ulubione zabawki.

Oprac. Katarzyna Kimel

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