Noworodek karmiony butlą Karmienie noworodka butelką/ Getty Images, Photo taken in Elvas

Karmienie noworodka butelką

Karmienie niemowlaka butelką, zwłaszcza w pierwszych dniach jego życia, może być dla rodziców dużym wyzwaniem. Niektóre kobiety świadomie rezygnują z karmienia piersią, czasami są zmuszone podjąć taką decyzję z powodów zdrowotnych albo życiowych. Karmienia butelką, tak jak i karmienia piersią, trzeba się nauczyć. Jak dobrze karmić niemowlę butelką, na co zwrócić uwagę? Pytamy położną.

Spis treści:

Jak często i ile karmić butelką?

O ile niemowlęta karmione mlekiem mamy powinny być przystawiane do piersi na żądanie, czyli zawsze wtedy, kiedy mają na to ochotę, to maluszki karmione mieszankami mlecznymi nie mogą jeść za każdym razem, gdy zażądają.  

Nie popadajmy jednak ze skrajności w skrajność – nie chodzi o to, by patrzeć, jak głodne dziecko płacze i z zegarkiem w ręku odliczać czas do kolejnego karmienia. Należy postarać się, by zachować co najmniej 2-3 godzinne przerwy, ale jeśli widać, że dziecko wcześniej domaga się jedzenia, po prostu je karmić. 

Mleko modyfikowane jest mniej lekkostrawne w porównaniu do mleka mamy, więc jego strawienie zajmuje maluszkowi więcej czasu. W pierwszych tygodniach optymalna liczba karmień mieszanką to około siedmiu na dobę. 

Jak zatem karmić dziecko butelką i co ile czasu przygotować mu mleczną mieszankę? O ile w pierwszym miesiącu niemowlę będzie domagało się jedzenia nieregularnie – raz częściej, a raz rzadziej, niż trzy godziny, to już w kolejnych miesiącach zaobserwujemy u niego własny rytm posiłków. 

Na początku karmienie dziecka butelką, a wcześniej przygotowywanie dla niego mleka, będzie dużym wyzwaniem. Kupując mleko modyfikowane, należy zwrócić uwagę na symbole znajdujące się na opakowaniu – mleko 1 jest mlekiem początkowym, mleko 2 następnym itd. Na każdym opakowaniu podane są, zalecane dla danego wieku, ilości mieszanki na jedną porcję. Łatwo to wyliczyć, mówi położna Dominika Kaczmarek: 

„Rodzice, którzy mają wątpliwości i zastanawiają się, jaką ilość mleka modyfikowanego przygotować danego dnia dziecku, mogą posłużyć się wzorem – ilość dni x 10 ml, odjąć 10 ml (czyli np. w 6 dobie 50 ml)”

Mleka modyfikowanego nie można nigdy przygotowywać na oko. Pokarm o złych proporcjach może doprowadzić do bólu brzuszka, kolek i kłopotów z trawieniem. Do każdego opakowania mleka w proszku dołączona jest miarka do odmierzania.   

Jak karmić noworodka butelką? 

Na początku karmienie noworodka butelką wymaga od rodziców nabrania wprawy. Jak rozpoznać, że dziecko jest głodne? Gdy zaczyna ssać paluszki, kręci główką w poszukiwaniu smoczka to znak, że miałoby ochotę coś zjeść. Właśnie wtedy, po dokładnym umyciu rąk, należy rozpocząć przygotowywanie mleka modyfikowanego. Producenci piszą, jak należy to zrobić i ile wody wlać do mieszanki. Następnie potrząsamy zamkniętą butelką tak długo, aż mleczny proszek rozpuści się w wodzie.  

Noworodka i mniejsze niemowlę zawsze karmimy w wygodnej pozycji, unikając pośpiechu. Jeśli dziecko zjadło swoją porcję i nadal domaga się mleka, warto dorobić mu jeszcze jedną porcję. Dzieci – tak jak dorośli – raz mają mniejszy, a raz większy apetyt. Nie można zakładać, że jeśli niemowlę zje trochę więcej, to od razu przytyje, a jeśli przez kilka dni je mniej, będzie niedożywione.   

Pozycja dziecka przy karmieniu butelką

Prawidłowe karmienie noworodka butelką, a dokładniej pozycja, w jakietrzymamy dziecko, jest ważna, by karmienie było skuteczne. Nieprawidłowe ułożenie dziecka, zły kąt trzymania butelki mogą sprawić, że maluszek będzie się krztusił lub miał trudności w połykaniu. Ponadto, zdaniem specjalistów, niewłaściwe karmienie może doprowadzić do kolek i bólu brzuszka. Dominika Kaczmarek podpowiada, jak karmić noworodka butelką, w jakiej pozycji go trzymać:

 „Pozycja do karmienia noworodka butelką, tak jak przy karmieniu piersią, musi zapewniać wygodę osobie karmiącej oraz podparcie ciała noworodka na całej jego długości. Twarz dziecka musi być w jednej linii z tułowiem, a główka nie powinna być wygięta do tyłu. Ciało noworodka może być ułożone pod niewielkim kątem, by jego główka była wyżej niż miednica. Noworodka i małe niemowlę zawsze należy karmić na rękach, nie wolno robić tego na przykład w łóżeczku. Grozi to zachłyśnięciem”

Karmienie butelką – o czym jeszcze pamiętać?

O ile do piersi przystawiamy dziecko wtedy, kiedy się tego domaga, to na posiłek z butelki musi ono trochę poczekać. Mieszankę należy przygotować bezpośrednio przed podaniem, nie można też podawać niedojedzonej porcji mleka  

Przed przygotowaniem mleka należy wysterylizować wszystkie akcesoria. Ponadto warto pamiętać, by przed podaniem maluszkowi butelki, sprawdzić czy mleko nie jest za gorące – wystarczy kilka kropli mieszanki umieścić na nadgarstku.   

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