Bunt 7-latka / istock Bunt 7-latka / istock

Bunt 7-latka – czym jest?

Bunt 2-latka, 7-latka, nastolatka – skąd my to znamy? Większość rodziców wie, że bunt dziecka jest nieodłącznym elementem dzieciństwa i dorastania. A może zachowania buntownicze to efekt błędów wychowawczych i wygórowanych oczekiwań wobec dziecka? Psycholog odpowie na nurtujące pytania.

Spis treści:

Bunt 7-latka – co to takiego?

Agresja, złość, upór, negowanie wszystkiego, stałe niezadowolenie, nerwowość… Ni stąd, ni zowąd nasze w miarę grzeczne dziecko zaczyna zachowywać się jak zupełnie inna osoba. 7-latek to istna mieszanka wybuchowa: czasem zachowuje się jak dwulatek, a czasem – niemal jak nastolatek. I co z tym fantem zrobić?

Za zmianę zachowania w znakomitej większości odpowiada bunt siedmiolatka. W rzadkich sytuacjach nietypowe reakcje mogą być wywołane przez przyczyny organiczne, np. choroby neurologiczne, urazy mózgowia czy niedobory witamin i minerałów. Są to jednak rzadkie sytuacje i zwykle okazuje się, że fizycznie nasz zbuntowany 7-latek jest okazem zdrowia, ale w jego emocjach i psychice dzieją się poważne zawirowania. Siedmiolatek (czasem już sześciolatek) zmienia się, poszerza zainteresowania, rozbudowuje relacje. 

‒ Dziecko zaczyna dostrzegać i rozumieć wewnętrzne przyczyny zachowania ludzi, nadal istotne są dla niego więzi z rodzicami, ale coraz większą rolę w jego życiu odgrywają rówieśnicy – zwraca uwagę psycholog Agata Kotowska.

Jak się objawia bunt i jak go rozpoznać?

Rodzice i opiekunowie mają niekiedy wątpliwość, czy wszystkie dzieci okresowo się buntują, czy tylko ich potomek zaczyna sprawiać takie kłopoty. Oto 7 najczęstszych objawów buntu u 7-latków:

  • Huśtawka nastrojów – z radosnego nastroju wpadanie w złość lub odwrotnie – chwilę po ataku wściekłości beztroska.
  • Negowanie wszystkiego – próśb i poleceń, stwierdzeń i sugestii.
  • Stałe niezadowolenie, pretensje o wszystko, np. prośba o mleko, a po podaniu mleka, krzyk, że wcale nie chce mleka.
  • Pesymizm, lęki – obawy przed śmiercią, stratą bliskich, przed katastrofą samolotu, przed zawaleniem budynku, w którym mieszka, itd.
  • Reagowanie złością na nawet drobne niepowodzenia czy nieprzewidziane sytuacje, jak np. zajęta łazienka, podarta skarpetka, źle dobrane skarpetki.
  • Naprzemienne zachowanie jak „dorosły”: przemądrzały, wszystkowiedzący, nieznoszący polemiki, i małe dziecko wymagające opieki, przytulania, lulania.
  • Potrzeba bezustannie wyrażanej aprobaty, łatwa utrata wiary w siebie, we własne umiejętności, poszukiwanie poczucia własnej wartości, doceniania, złość przy niepowodzeniach, nadwrażliwość.

Bunt 7-latka – co zrobić?

Gdy już wiemy, że mamy do czynienia z buntem siedmiolatka, czas na pytanie: jak sobie z nim radzić? Bardzo ważna jest akceptacja, zrozumienie, że emocje targające dzieckiem są jego naturalnym etapem rozwoju. Nie możemy się złościć, choć zachowanie cierpliwości wymaga nie lada wysiłku. Pamiętajmy, że to dziecko męczy nie tylko nas, przede wszystkim męczy się samo ze sobą, jest targane emocjami, których nie rozumie, czuje się zagubione, rozdarte między „maluchem” a „dorosłym” 7-latkiem.

‒ Co mogą z kryzysem siedmiolatka zrobić najbliżsi? Przetrwać – uśmiecha się Agata Kotowska.

Dziecko mimo trudnego dla otoczenia zachowania nie powinno być karane, spotykać się z ostracyzmem czy wyśmiewaniem. Zapewniajmy zbuntowanego 7-latka o swojej miłości. Możemy też zaproponować, by wykonywało więcej domowych obowiązków, aby dziecko czuło się ważne i dorosłe. Jeśli bunt związany jest z narodzinami rodzeństwa, warto wygospodarować czas dla starszego dziecka, żeby nie czuło się zazdrosne lub odrzucone.

Czy to powód do zmartwień?

Na pytanie, czy bunt 7-latka to powód do zmartwienia, większość rodziców odpowie twierdząco. Wynika to przede wszystkim ze zmęczenia czy zaniepokojenia tym, czy zachowania dziecka są w normie, czy to tylko bunt, a może ADHD lub inne zaburzenia, problemy rozwojowe, choroby neurologiczne. Uspokajamy, bunt jest powszechnym zjawiskiem, a inne zaburzenia, chociaż oczywiście się zdarzają, statystycznie są dużo rzadsze. Bunt to czas przemian, które są niezbędne do dalszego rozwoju i wzrostu. 

‒ W wieku od 6-7 do 13 lat młody człowiek powinien osiągnąć pewną równowagę. W tym okresie m.in. zabawa ustępuje nauce, dziecko staje się pracowite, z wytrwałości i pilności czerpie satysfakcję. Przy odpowiedniej stymulacji i uważności chętnie podejmuje się zadań, staje się zmotywowane, osiąga poczucie kompetencji i fachowości. Poza nauką szkolną istotne jest wdrażanie dziecka do samodzielności, częściowej odpowiedzialności za funkcjonowanie domu i rodziny. Bardzo istotne są relacje z rówieśnikami. Krytyka i wyśmiewanie może zrodzić poczucie niższości, niechęci, w tym także utrudniać swobodne korzystanie ze zręczności i inteligencji – wyjaśnia Agata Kotowska.

Bunt siedmiolatka bardzo często uwarunkowany jest zmianą sytuacji rodzinnej, np. pojawia się po narodzinach rodzeństwa. Wiele siedmiolatków buntuje się także po rozpoczęciu nauki szkolnej.

Te przełomy i zmiany, których przecież nie da się uniknąć, trzeba wspólnie przetrwać. Na pytanie, jak radzić sobie z buntem, odpowiedź może być tylko jedna: przeczekać. I poczekać, aż nastąpi kolejny czas buntu dziecka.

 

Ekspertka: Agata Kotowska ‒ psycholog, socjoterapeutka, trenerka TZA, psychoterapeutka w procesie certyfikacji, prowadzi gabinet AGAPE Dziecko i Rodzina w Zielonej Górze, mama 8-letniego synka. Prowadzi grupę AGAPE Agata Kotowska Psycholog ZG na FB.

Źródła:

  1. Erikson E., Dzieciństwo i społeczeństwo, wyd. Rebis, 1997. 
  2. Żak P.,Dziecko od początku, tom 3/2012 wyd. specjalne „Psychologii w szkole”.

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